Prosecution of perpetrators and reparations for victims

Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War, Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war, Rojava conflict, Rojava–Islamist conflict, Daraa insurgency

In October 2019, the Turkish forces, supported by a coalition of anti-government armed groups, launched offensive operations against Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces, leading to more than 200,000 people displaced in rapid and uncoordinated evacuations. UN Human Rights Council, “Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic,” A/HRC/43/57, 28 January 2020, https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoISyria/A_HRC_43_57_AEV.docx. According to UNHCR the total IDPs until March 2021, 6,701,972 Syrians remained displaced. UNHCR, “Syrian Arab Republic,” Global Focus, https://reporting.unhcr.org/node/2530?y=2021#year. This is an increase of 133,972 IDPs over the previous year at December 2020 by IDMC report (6.568.000). https://www.internal-displacement.org/countries/syria.

In the northwest of Syria, 550,000 people, more than half of the people who have been displaced since December, moved yet again to northwestern areas in Idlib Governorate into a small area already hosting hundreds of thousands of displaced people. Over 410,000 of those who escaped from the violence moved to areas in northern Aleppo Governorate such as A’zaz, Afrin, Jandairis and al-Bab sub-districts, where existing services are over-stretched. OCHA, “Syrian Arab Republic: Recent Developments in Northwest Syria, Situation Report No. 10 - As of 12 March 2020,” https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/20200312_nws_sitrep_10_002.pdf.

The conflict in Syria has dragged on for one full decade, with more than half of its population still forcibly displaced, representing by far the largest forcibly displaced population worldwide (13.5 million, including more than 6.7 million internally displaced). When considering only international displacement situations, Syrians also topped the list with 6.8 million people, followed by Venezuelans with 4.9 million.

original source

UN OCHA updated overview

6.5 million displaced, 46% (2.99 mil.) children

In the case of the destruction of one-third of Syrian homes since 11 March 2011 may have received the most quantitative attention by those projecting the mammoth and costly task of reconstruction. A variety of sources hosted in the VDB provide estimates of the values lost and the price of replacing homes and contents, ranging from $36.5[1] billion to $68 billion.[2]

These studies relied on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics in Syria and rested on calculated assumptions of the disparity in the value of furniture from region to region in which the destroyed houses are located (from $5,000 to $30,000). Monitors calculated losses in savings based on the number of households in each region and the average savings normally recorded for an entire year.

One Syrian study estimated that the number of war-damaged homes reached “half a million,” of which about 390,000 are completely destroyed. Their reconstruction is estimated to cost US$60 billion (€44,280,800,000). The same source counted some 700,000 Syrian families, or nearly 2.8 million people, with no place to return to.

[1] Moaaz al-Omari, “Syrian Losses Worth US $36 Billion and Reconstruction Requires US $200 Billion,” al-Monitor (4 September 2012), at:

http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/contents/articles/business/2012/09/the-true-cost-of-the-syrian-crisis-365-billion-and-counting.html#ixzz2gzEul6py.

[2] عمار يوسف, “مليار دولار كلفة اعادة الاعمار في سوريا 73” الوطن (3 September 2013), at:

http://www.alwatannews.net/NewsViewer.aspx?ID=slSpOJGYuF7PEePlrIddsQ933339933339.

Half a Million Homes Destroyed in Syria

Ziad Haydar Translated from As-Safir (Lebanon).

3 May 2013

اقرا المقال الأصلي باللغة العربية

Read more: http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/business/2013/05/syria-study-half-million-homes-destroyed.html#ixzz2gxLgTCwt

A privately funded study found that the number of housing units that were destroyed throughout Syria as of a month ago stands at about 535,000 and valued at about $68 billion, causing the displacement of nearly three million people.

The study was prepared by real estate expert Ammar Youssef and published in the private Syrian newspaper Al-Watan yesterday [April 30]. It estimated that the number of damaged homes reached “half a million,” of which about 390,000 are destroyed. Rebuilding those homes would cost $60 billion. In less than a year, more than 100,000 homes were destroyed and rebuilding them would cost about $8 billion.

The study estimated that some structures housed three families on average. Those structures were in the cities and slums, from where many were displaced. About 700,000 families, or nearly 2.8 million people, have no place to return to. They live in shelters, with relatives, or in rented apartments.

Structures that suffered some damage number about 475,000. The damages ranged from broken windows to partial collapse that is repairable.

The study made a separate category for dwellings that were not damaged and are still inhabited, but where the residents are having trouble securing basic life necessities. Those dwellings number at least about 850,000 and are located in most Syrian cities experiencing unrest. They are mostly in urban centers, such as Aleppo, Deir el-Zour, Hasakah, and Raqqa. Those cities are also receiving displaced persons from areas with damaged water, electricity, telephone and sewage infrastructure.

The head of the UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA), Abdullah Dardari, previously revealed that in Syria 400,000 homes were destroyed and 300,000 homes were severely damaged, and that half a million homes lack the necessary infrastructure. He stressed that if the violence in Syria stopped today, the cost of rebuilding the economy and infrastructure would be $80 billion.

Read more: http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/business/2013/05/syria-study-half-million-homes-destroyed.html#ixzz2gxL4Dis3

http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/business/2013/05/syria-study-half-million-homes-destroyed.html

UNHCR’s Syrian Refugee Response http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php.

Current figure as of last access, 17 March 2013

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